Oil-Immersed Transformer Maintenance and Care Guide

Oil-immersed transformers are commonly used distribution transformers that can be installed outdoors and have strong overload performance. As a result, they are often preferred in various electrical environments. Oil-immersed transformers use transformer oil for cooling, so special attention should be paid to them in daily maintenance.

Basic Structure and Working Principle of Oil-Immersed Transformers:

An oil-immersed transformer consists of a core, windings, insulating oil, cooling system, and other components. Its working principle is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When electric current flows through the windings, an alternating current is generated, creating an alternating magnetic field in the core, which facilitates energy conversion. The insulating oil also serves as insulation and provides cooling, ensuring that the transformer operates within a safe temperature range.

Importance of Transformer Maintenance and Care:

The maintenance and care of oil-immersed transformers directly relate to the safe operation of the power system. If timely maintenance is not performed, it may lead to transformer failure and even power outages, affecting the normal electricity supply of nearby users. Additionally, repairing transformer faults often requires a considerable amount of time and high costs, making regular maintenance particularly important.

Maintenance Considerations for Oil-Immersed Transformers:

1. Cooling System Inspection

Transformers are typically equipped with cooling systems, and ensuring their normal operation is crucial. Regularly check the coolant level in the cooling system and clean the surface of the cooler to prevent overheating that could cause equipment failure.

2. Oil Quality Monitoring

Oil is a vital insulating medium in transformers, and regularly monitoring its quality is key to ensuring normal operation. Use oil quality monitoring equipment to detect moisture, impurities, and electrical performance in the oil, so potential issues can be identified in a timely manner.

3. Insulation Inspection

Regularly inspect the insulation system of the transformer to ensure that the insulating materials are intact. Check components such as insulators and bushings, and replace them promptly if signs of damage or aging are found to prevent insulation breakdown.

Maintenance Recommendations for Oil-Immersed Transformers:

1. Clean the Shell

Regularly clean the outer surface of the transformer shell to prevent the accumulation of dust and debris. Use a clean cloth to wipe the shell, avoiding cleaning agents with corrosive ingredients.

2. Environmental Monitoring

Maintain a clean environment around the transformer, avoiding excessively humid or high-temperature conditions. Regularly monitor environmental conditions to ensure they remain within suitable operating ranges.

3. Regular Maintenance Records

Establish maintenance records for the transformer, documenting the dates and results of operations such as cooling system inspections, oil quality monitoring, and insulation checks. This helps in identifying problems promptly and conducting preventive maintenance.

Safety should always be the primary concern during maintenance and care. Remember to disconnect the power supply before performing any maintenance on the transformer and follow relevant safety operation procedures. If encountering unsolvable problems, seek the help of professional repair personnel.

Proper transformer maintenance and care are crucial for ensuring its normal operation. By routinely checking oil levels, temperature, and other indicators, and timely repairing damage and replacing aging components, you can extend the lifespan of the transformer and enhance its operational efficiency.