Which is the requirement for a dry-type transformer?

In modern power systems, dry-type transformers have become important power conversion devices due to their unique structure and superior performance. They utilize air as a cooling medium, avoiding a series of issues faced by traditional oil-immersed transformers, especially in terms of fire safety and environmental protection. This article will delve into the requirements for dry-type transformers, including aspects of design, materials, operational maintenance, and safety standards, aiming to provide references for professionals in related industries.

Design Requirements

1. Electrical Performance: Dry-type transformers should possess good electrical performance, with stable output voltage and frequency that meets standard requirements to accommodate various load conditions. Additionally, the insulation strength and pressure resistance of the transformer must meet international power industry standards to prevent accidents caused by insulation failures.

2. Temperature Rise Control: Due to the cooling method of dry-type transformers primarily relying on air, temperature rise control is crucial. When designing, the structure of the windings and core should be reasonably designed based on the rated power and heat dissipation conditions to ensure the temperature does not exceed specified limits under maximum load. Typically, the maximum temperature of dry-type transformers should be controlled within a certain range to ensure long-term stable operation.

3. Frequency Response: To meet the characteristics of high-frequency load currents, the design of dry-type transformers should consider a wider frequency response to avoid harmonic interference caused by frequency variations. Furthermore, the materials and structure of the transformer should be optimized to ensure good frequency response characteristics, thereby reducing the impact on equipment operation.

Material Requirements

1. Insulation Materials: The insulation system of dry-type transformers is a core component of their performance. The selection of insulation materials should have good heat resistance, aging resistance, and mechanical strength. Commonly used insulation materials include epoxy resin, polyester film, and paper insulation materials. These materials can not only withstand high-temperature environments but also maintain good insulation performance during long-term operation.

2. Conductor Materials: The windings of transformers generally use copper or aluminum as conductor materials, with copper being used widely due to its excellent conductivity. When selecting materials, factors such as specific application environment, sub-load, and cost should be considered holistically to achieve the best balance between electrical performance and economic efficiency.

3. Core Materials: The material of the core is particularly important for the energy efficiency of transformers, usually made of silicon steel sheets to reduce current losses and improve magnetic permeability. Choosing high-quality core materials can not only reduce noise but also improve transformer efficiency, thereby enhancing its overall performance.

Operational Maintenance Requirements

1. Regular Inspection: Although dry-type transformers generally have better safety and maintainability compared to oil transformers, it is still necessary to establish a comprehensive regular inspection system. Regular checks on insulation conditions, temperature monitoring, and connection status, along with timely identification and handling of potential issues, can effectively extend the service life of the equipment.

2. Environmental Monitoring: Due to the heavy reliance of dry-type transformers on the environment during operation, it is essential to regularly monitor surrounding environmental conditions, including temperature, humidity, and air flow, to ensure they operate under suitable environmental conditions, preventing performance degradation caused by environmental factors.

3. Operational Records: Establishing detailed operational records for monitoring and analyzing the operation state of dry-type transformers, including load current, temperature changes, and fault conditions, can provide important reference data for future maintenance and help optimize operational conditions.

Safety Requirements

1. Fire Safety: Although dry-type transformers have a relatively lower fire hazard due to not using oil, it is still necessary to comply with corresponding fire safety standards. During design and installation, suitable fireproof materials should be selected, and effective ventilation measures should be implemented to minimize fire risks.

2. Lightning Protection: The installation location of dry-type transformers should consider their lightning protection capability, and effective measures should be taken to prevent equipment damage caused by lightning strikes. This can be achieved through the installation of lightning rods and grounding devices to ensure transformer safety under extreme weather conditions.

3. Grounding Requirements: A good grounding system is one of the important measures to ensure the safe operation of dry-type transformers. Strengthening the grounding of the transformer can effectively prevent safety accidents caused by leakage current, while providing necessary protective measures to safeguard equipment and personnel safety.

The significance of dry-type transformers in the power supply system cannot be ignored. Their design, material selection, operational maintenance, and safety requirements form the foundation for ensuring efficient, safe, and stable operation. By deeply understanding and strictly implementing the aforementioned requirements, not only can the service life of transformers be extended, but also the overall efficiency and safety of the power system can be enhanced. In future power engineering, it is necessary to continuously optimize and innovate the technology and management of dry-type transformers to meet the needs of industry development.