How to choose insulation materials for switchgear?

How to choose insulation materials for switchgear?

When selecting the insulation material for the switchgear, several key factors need to be considered to ensure that the material can meet the operating requirements of the switchgear and the use environment.

Electrical performance:

1. Dielectric strength: Materials with high dielectric strength should be selected to withstand the effect of high voltage electric fields. For example, epoxy resins typically have a high dielectric strength.

2. Insulation resistance: Ensure that the material has high insulation resistance to reduce current leakage. Materials like ceramics work well in this regard.

Heat resistance:

1. Working temperature: Consider the temperature that may be reached when the switchgear is running. And choose materials that can work stably at this temperature for a long time. For example, polyimide can maintain good insulation properties at high temperatures.

2. Thermal stability: The material should not be deformed, softened or decomposed when heated. Silicone rubber has good thermal stability.

Moisture resistance:

1. Hygroscopic: Low hygroscopic materials are preferred to prevent moisture absorption in a humid environment and reduce insulation performance. For example, polytetrafluoroethylene has extremely low hygroscopicity.

2. Moisture resistance: Evaluate the ability of the material to maintain insulation properties under wet conditions.

Mechanical properties:

1. Strength and hardness: The material should have sufficient strength and hardness to withstand the mechanical stress during installation and operation. Glass fiber reinforced plastics have high strength.

2. Toughness and impact resistance: It can withstand a certain amount of impact and vibration to avoid rupture.

Chemical stability:

1. Corrosion resistance: It can resist the erosion of chemical substances that may exist in the switchgear.

2. Aging resistance: It is not easy to deteriorate in long-term use.

Cost and processability:

1. Cost: On the premise of meeting the performance requirements, select materials with reasonable cost.

2. Machinability: Easy to manufacture and process into the desired shape and size.

What do you need to pay attention to the selection of insulation material?

1.Pay attention to the compression coefficient. Because many materials increase in thickness after absorbing moisture, the thickness will decrease again after drying. This has higher requirements for the compression coefficient of insulation materials, which can withstand various deformation and contraction conditions.

2. High heat resistance. For some insulation materials used in specific occasions, there are certain requirements for their heat resistance levels. For example, the application of solar panels has high heat resistance requirements for insulation materials. If the insulation material selected does not reach the corresponding grade, it is likely to shorten the service life of the entire device.

3. Pay attention to insulation performance. Due to the wide variety of insulation materials, the strengths of cable paper, capacitor paper, insulation board and other insulation are different. Among them, capacitor paper is the best, followed by cable paper. In the use of different materials, we need to have a basic parameter guidance for insulation. And select the appropriate insulation material according to these parameters.

4. Strengthen mechanical properties. For mechanical equipment in many application areas, vibration, pulling or moving will inevitably occur in use, which increases the difficulty of insulation materials applied to small parts. If the mechanical properties of the insulation material are weak, it will be destroyed, thus weakening its insulation properties. Therefore, when selecting insulation materials, measuring its mechanical properties is also a very important link.